Organic Chemistry II: List of Chemical Reactions

• Acetoacetic Ester Synthesis: The formation of a substituted acetone through the base-catalyzed alkylation or arylation of a β-keto ester.
• Aldol Cyclization: An internal aldol condensation.
• Aldol Reaction: The formation of an aldol (β-hydroxy carbonyl compound) through the catalyzed condensation of an enol/enolate with a carbonyl compound.
• Cannizzaro Reaction: The formation of an acid and an alcohol through the base-catalyzed disproportionation of an aliphatic or aromatic aldehyde with no α-hydrogen atoms.

• Claisen Condensation: The formation of a β-keto ester through the base-catalyzed condensation of an ester containing an α-hydrogen.
• Claisen-Schmidt Reaction: The production of an α, β-unsaturated aldehyde or ketone from an aldehyde or ketone in the presence of strong base.
• Cope Elimination: The pyrolysis of an amine oxide to produce a hydroxylamine and an alkene.
• Crossed Aldol Condensation: An aldol condensation involving different carbonyl compounds.
• Crossed Cannizzaro Reaction: A Cannizzaro reaction involving two different aldehydes.
• Crossed Claisen Condensation: A Claisen condensation utilizing a mixture of two different esters.
• Curtius Rearrangement: Similar to a Hofmann degradation with an azide replacing the amide.
• Dieckmann Condensation: The intramolecular equivalent of a Claisen condensation where dicarboxylic acid ester undergoes base-catalyzed cyclization to form a β-keto ester.
• Diels-Alder Reaction: The reaction of an alkene (dienophile) with a conjugated diene to generate a six-membered ring.
• Friedel-Crafts Reaction: The Lewis acid–catalyzed (usually AlCl₃) alkylation or acylation of an aromatic compound.
• Gabriel Synthesis: The reaction of an alkyl halide with potassium
• phthalimide to form, after hydrolysis, a primary amine.
• Grignard Reaction: The reaction of an organomagnesium compound, typically with a carbonyl compound to produce an alcohol, although it may be used in other situations.
• Hell-Volhard Zelinsky Reaction: A method for forming α-halo acid.
• Hofmann Elimination: Converts an amine into an alkene.
• Hofmann Rearrangement: A useful means of converting an amide to an amine.
• Hunsdiecker Reaction: A free-radical reaction for the synthesis of an alkyl halide.
• Knoevenagel Condensation: A condensation of an aldehyde or ketone with a molecule containing an active methylene in the presence of an amine or ammonia.
• Malonic Ester Synthesis: Synthesis involving a malonic ester or a related compound with a strong base such as sodium ethoxide. The ultimate product is a substituted carboxylic acid.
• Mannich Reaction: The reaction of a compound with a reactive hydrogen with aldehydes (non–enol forming) and ammonia or a primary or secondary amine to form a Mannich base (aminomethylated compound).
• Michael Addition (Condensation, Reaction): The addition of a carbon nucleophile to an activated unsaturated system.
• Reformatsky Reaction: A reaction leading to formation of β-hydoxy esters, using an organozinc intermediate.
• Robinson Annulation: The addition of a methyl vinyl ketone (or derivative) to a cyclohexanone to form an α,β-unsaturated ketone containing a six-membered ring.
• Sandmeyer Reaction: A reaction utilizing a diazonium salt to produce an aryl halide. The process begins by converting an amine to a diazonium salt.
• Schiemann Reaction: A means of preparing aryl fluorides.
• Stork Enamine Synthesis: A reaction leading to the formation of an α-alkyl or α-carbonyl compound from an alkyl or aryl halide reacting with an enamine.